保罗·约瑟夫·施拉德（Paul Joseph Schrader，1946年7月22日-），美国编剧、电影导演、影评人。他最初因撰写马丁·斯科塞斯的《出租车司机》（1976 年）的剧本而广为人知。后来，他继续与斯科塞斯合作，撰写或合著了《愤怒的公牛》（1980）、《基督的最后诱惑》（1988）和《带出死者》（1999）。施拉德还执导了 24 部电影，包括《蓝领》（1978 年）、《铁杆》（1979 年）、《美国舞女》（1980 年）、《猫人》（1982 年）、《三岛：四章人生》（1985 年）、《浅睡者》（1992 年）、《苦难》（1997 年）和《第一次改革》（2017 年）;后者为他赢得了他的第一个奥斯卡金像奖提名。施拉德的作品经常描绘陷入困境的人在生存危机中挣扎，然后被暴力的宣泄事件打断。

施拉德在一个严格的加尔文主义家庭中长大，曾就读于加尔文学院，然后在电影评论家宝琳·凯尔的鼓励下选择在加州大学洛杉矶分校攻读电影专业。随后，他担任电影学者和评论家，出版了《电影中的超验风格：小津、布列松、德雷尔》（1972）一书，并于1974年转为编剧。1976年《出租车司机》的成功使他的作品受到更多关注，施拉德开始执导自己的电影，从《蓝领》（与他的兄弟伦纳德·施拉德共同编剧）开始。他最近的三部电影被施拉德描述为松散的三部曲：《第一次改革》（2017 年）、《纸牌柜台》（2021 年）和《园丁大师》（2022 年）。

Paul Joseph Schrader (born July 22, 1946) is an American screenwriter, film director, and film critic. He first became widely known for writing the screenplay of Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976). He later continued his collaboration with Scorsese, writing or co-writing Raging Bull (1980), The Last Temptation of Christ (1988), and Bringing Out the Dead (1999). Schrader has also directed 24 films, including Blue Collar (1978), Hardcore (1979), American Gigolo (1980), Cat People (1982), Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985), Light Sleeper (1992), Affliction (1997), and First Reformed (2017); the latter earned him his first Academy Award nomination. Schrader's work frequently depicts troubled men struggling through an existential crisis that is then punctuated by a violent, cathartic event.

Raised in a strict Calvinist family, Schrader attended Calvin College before electing to pursue film studies at UCLA on the encouragement of film critic Pauline Kael. He then worked as a film scholar and critic, publishing the book Transcendental Style in Film: Ozu, Bresson, Dreyer (1972) before making the transition to screenwriting in 1974. The success of Taxi Driver in 1976 brought greater attention to his work, and Schrader began directing his own films beginning with Blue Collar (co-written with his brother, Leonard Schrader). His three most recent films have been described by Schrader as a loose trilogy: First Reformed (2017), The Card Counter (2021), and Master Gardener (2022).

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