Chinese (zh-CN)

Name

威廉·弗莱德金

Biography

威廉·弗莱德金(William Friedkin,1935 年 8 月 29 日 - 2023 年 8 月 7 日)是一位美国电影导演、制片人和编剧,以执导《法兰西关系》(1971 年)和《驱魔人》(1973 年)而闻名;对于前者,他获得了奥斯卡最佳导演奖。他的其他一些著名电影包括“乐队中的男孩”(1970 年)、“巫师”(1977 年)、“巡航”(1980 年)、“在洛杉矶生与死”。(1985 年)、《蓝筹股》(1994 年)、《翡翠》(1995 年)、《交战规则》(2000 年)、《猎杀者》(2003 年)、《虫子》(2006 年)和《杀手乔》(2011 年)。

1965年,弗里德金移居好莱坞,两年后发行了他的第一部故事片《美好时光》,由桑尼和雪儿主演。随后又有几部其他“艺术”电影,包括改编自马特·克劳利(Mart Crowley)的《乐队里的男孩》(The Boys in the Band),最著名的是《生日派对》(The Birthday Party),该片改编自哈罗德·品特(Harold Pinter)未发表的剧本,他改编自自己的剧本。然而,弗里德金并不想以艺术导演的身份出名,而是希望通过一个被犯罪、虚伪、神秘主义和不道德颠覆的美国的故事来表演和严肃的戏剧。所有这些都被他装进了他的电影中,以反映在越南、性革命和水门事件之后正在发生变化的美国正在发生的事情。

1971年,他的《法兰西情缘》发行,广受好评。这部电影以比好莱坞故事片更适合纪录片的坚韧不拔的风格拍摄,获得了包括最佳影片和最佳导演在内的五项奥斯卡金像奖。弗里德金紧随其后的是 1973 年的《驱魔人》,该片改编自威廉·彼得·布拉蒂的畅销小说,彻底改变了恐怖类型,被一些评论家认为是有史以来最伟大的恐怖电影之一。《驱魔人》获得了包括最佳影片和最佳导演在内的10项奥斯卡金像奖提名。它获得了最佳剧本和最佳混音奖。

在这两张照片之后,弗里德金与弗朗西斯·福特·科波拉和彼得·波格丹诺维奇一起被认为是新好莱坞的首屈一指的导演之一。1973年,三人组宣布在派拉蒙成立一家独立的制作公司,即导演公司。科波拉执导了《对话》,波格丹诺维奇执导了亨利·詹姆斯改编的《黛西·米勒》,弗里德金突然离开了公司,该公司很快被派拉蒙关闭。弗里德金后来的电影并没有取得同样的成功。在整个 1980 年代和 1990 年代,弗里德金的电影大多获得乏善可陈的评价和适度的票房。然而,他的动作/犯罪电影《在洛杉矶生与死》。由威廉·彼得森(William Petersen)和威廉·达福(Willem Dafoe)主演的《1985》是评论界的最爱,并与弗里德金自己的《法兰西关系》(The French Connection)相提并论(尤其是其追车场面)。2011年,弗里德金执导了由特雷西·莱茨编剧、马修·麦康纳主演的黑色喜剧《杀手乔》。《杀手乔》在第 68 届威尼斯国际电影节上首映,随后在 2011 年多伦多国际电影节上北美首映。2013年4月,弗里德金出版了一本回忆录《弗里德金的联系》。9月,他在第70届威尼斯国际电影节上被授予终身成就奖。

English (en-US)

Name

William Friedkin

Biography

William David Friedkin (August 29, 1935 – August 7, 2023) was an American film, television and opera director, producer, and screenwriter who was closely identified with the "New Hollywood" movement of the 1970s. Beginning his career in documentaries in the early 1960s, he is best known for his crime thriller film The French Connection (1971), which won five Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, and the horror film The Exorcist (1973), which earned him another Academy Award nomination for Best Director.

Friedkin's other films in the 1970s and 1980s include the drama The Boys in the Band (1970), considered a milestone of queer cinema; the originally deprecated, now lauded thriller Sorcerer (1977); the crime comedy drama The Brink's Job (1978); the controversial thriller Cruising (1980); and the neo-noir thriller To Live and Die in L.A. (1985). Although Friedkin's works suffered an overall commercial and critical decline in the late 1980s, his last three feature films, all based on plays, were positively received by critics: the psychological horror film Bug (2006), the crime film Killer Joe (2011), and the legal drama film The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial (2023), released two months after his death. He also worked extensively as an opera director from 1998 until his death, and directed various television films and series episodes for television.

Description above from the Wikipedia article William Friedkin, licensed under CC-BY-SA, full list of contributors on Wikipedia.

Korean (ko-KR)

Name

윌리엄 프리드킨

Biography

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